Falls are a leading cause of injury-related deaths and hospitalizations among Canadian seniors. According to data from the Public Health Agency of Canada, falls result in over 80% of injury-related hospitalizations and more than half of injury-related deaths among older adults aged 65 and older. While we may not readily associate our ears with our balance, emerging research is suggesting a significant connection between the two.

Recent studies have highlighted a significant correlation between hearing loss and an elevated risk of falls. A research team led by Dr. Frank Lin at Johns Hopkins University found that individuals with mild hearing loss were nearly three times more likely to have a history of falling compared to those with normal hearing. As the severity of hearing impairment increased, so did the risk of falls. This association persisted even after adjusting for various factors such as age, sex, and vestibular (balance) function.

The Connection Between Hearing Loss and Falls:

Cognitive Load: Individuals with untreated hearing loss often experience cognitive overload, as they use extra mental effort to understand speech and make sense of auditory information. This cognitive strain can take away from cognitive resources typically dedicated to spatial awareness and detecting environmental cues, making individuals more prone to losing balance or misjudging obstacles.

Social Withdrawal: Hearing loss not only impacts communication but also leads to social isolation and withdrawal from activities. Reduced social engagement limits opportunities for physical activity. A sedentary lifestyle can contribute to muscle weakness, decreased balance, and overall frailty, increasing the likelihood of falls.

Altered Gait and Posture: Studies have shown that individuals with hearing loss may show changes in gait and posture, characterized by slower walking speed, shorter stride length, and reduced postural stability. These changes in motor behavior contribute to an increased risk of falling.

Altered Brain Structure and Function: Emerging evidence from neuroimaging studies have revealed that hearing loss may accelerate age-related brain atrophy, particularly in regions associated with balance and spatial processing. These structural alterations could impair the brain’s ability to integrate sensory information effectively, increasing fall risk.

Awareness is the first step towards prevention!

Routine Hearing Assessments:

Regular hearing testing should be prioritized, especially among older adults, to identify and address hearing impairment early on. Timely intervention, such as hearing aids or assistive listening devices, can mitigate the adverse effects of hearing loss and potentially reduce fall risk. See our Hearing Testing Guidelines by Age Group.

Modifications for Fall Prevention:

Simple modifications such as adequate lighting, clear signage, and removal of tripping hazards can enhance safety and accessibility for individuals with hearing loss. Additionally, encouraging regular exercise and balance training can fortify musculoskeletal strength and coordination, reducing the likelihood of falls. See Nova Scotia Health Fall Prevention Checklist, Patient and Family Guide.

Conclusion:

The correlation between hearing loss and fall risk is strong and the consequences of falling can be fatal.

If you are over the age of 55, hearing testing every two years is recommended. Please contact our clinic to schedule a diagnostic hearing assessment.

If you have recently had a near-fall or have a history of falling, an undiagnosed and/or untreated hearing loss should be considered as a potential cause or contributing factor. Please contact our clinic to schedule a diagnostic hearing assessment.